Subconjunctival Haemorrhage

Sub-conjunctival haemorrhage, though often startling in appearance, is a relatively common and typically painless eye condition that can cause blood to appear on the white part of the eye. While it may not always be a cause for immediate concern, certain factors or medical conditions can increase the likelihood of experiencing this condition. If you notice a sub-conjunctival haemorrhage, especially if it recurs, it's advisable to have a thorough evaluation.

A sub-conjunctival haemorrhage occurs when one of the tiny blood capillaries beneath the conjunctiva— the thin, clear tissue covering the eye's surface—experiences a minor rupture or leakage. Although the amount of blood involved is relatively small, it tends to spread underneath the conjunctiva, creating a striking and sometimes alarming visual appearance. Interestingly, many individuals are not even aware of the haemorrhage until they catch their reflection in a mirror.

Common Causes and Risk Factors

For the majority of patients, sub-conjunctival haemorrhages appear spontaneously and without any underlying cause. However, there are scenarios and conditions that can predispose individuals to these occurrences.  

Risk factors:

• Heavy lifting  
• Episodes of vomiting
• Trauma to the eye
• Blood-thinning medications  
• Blood-related conditions like anaemia

It's worth noting that while sub-conjunctival haemorrhages often result from benign causes, they can occasionally mimic the appearance of more serious eye conditions. Therefore, the presence of a sub-conjunctival haemorrhage should prompt a visit to your optometrist, particularly if you experience accompanying pain or notice changes in your vision.

Natural Healing Process

The good news is that sub-conjunctival haemorrhages typically do not require specific treatment. Similar to a bruise on the skin, they follow a natural healing process. Over the course of 1-2 weeks, the blood may undergo colour changes or settle towards the bottom of the eye, gradually fading away. It's essential to understand that while sub-conjunctival haemorrhages can be visually dramatic, they usually resolve on their own without any long-term effects on your eye health or vision.

Although striking in appearance, sub-conjunctival haemorrhages are usually benign and self-limiting. If you experience recurrent episodes, accompanying pain, or changes in your vision, seeking guidance we recommend booking an appointment with one of our optometrists to investigate any predisposing causes.